![]() ![]() ![]() The doughnut economic model was developed by economist Kate Raworth in 2012 as an alternate to mainstream economics and takes a more holistic approach to what a successful society looks like. Doughnut Economic Modelĭominant economic theories of the 20th century revolved around growth and high gross domestic product (GDP) as the primary measurement of a society’s success. Rejecting a one-dimensional approach to growth, the Bay Area’s regional long-term planning efforts are reframing challenges to future growth similar to doughnut economics theory by centering planning strategies around the intersectionality of economics, equity, and the environment. At the local level, cities are starting to examine how they can thrive while also supporting the wellbeing of all people and the planet. As wealth disparities continue to widen and the impacts of climate change are felt more acutely across the globe, the doughnut economic model has gained popularity in its call for a more holistic approach to measuring progress. Mainstream economic theory and policy have largely fallen short of delivering sustainable economic growth. Yet in our quest for growth, our rapid overconsumption of Earth’s resources fueled by consumerist culture is having profound impacts on the climate, while at the same time millions of people are unable to have their basic needs met. Growth has long been the overriding metric for measuring progress. ![]()
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